This null result was robust in subgroup analyses, efficacy analyses accounting for nonadherence, and analyses examining change in laboratory measurements.ĬONCLUSIONS-Calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation did not reduce the risk of developing diabetes over 7 years of follow-up in this randomized placebo-controlled trial. The hazard ratio for incident diabetes associated with calcium/vitamin D treatment was 1.01 (95% CI 0.94–1.10) based on intention to treat.

RESULTS-Over a median follow-up time of 7 years, 2,291 women were newly diagnosed with diabetes.

Effects of the intervention on fasting measurements of glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance were examined among a subset of participants. Among 33,951 participants without self-reported diabetes at baseline, we ascertained by treatment assignment new diagnoses of diabetes treated with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-The Women's Health Initiative Calcium/Vitamin D Trial randomly assigned postmenopausal women to receive 1,000 mg elemental calcium plus 400 IU of vitamin D3 daily, or placebo, in a double-blind fashion. We examined the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of drug-treated diabetes in postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE-Experimental and epidemiologic studies suggest that calcium and vitamin D may reduce the risk of developing diabetes.

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